The Church at Chailly

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Artist: Jean-François Millet (French, 1814–1875)
Medium: Pastel and Conté crayon on beige paper
Size: 28 1/16 x 34 1/4 in. (71.3 x 87 cm)
Museum: Minneapolis Institute of Art
Rights: Public Domain Mark

A gifted landscape artist, Jean-François Millet was a master of the middle ground, able to evoke boundless space in the narrow strip between the foreground and the horizon line. Here he depicted lush green pastures, a flock of grazing sheep, a lone shepherd, a man driving a farm cart, a row of thatched houses, and some trees and fences.

After achieving reasonable success in Paris exhibiting controversial large-scale paintings of peasants at the Salons, Millet moved his growing family to the hamlet of Barbizon, joining an informal artists’ colony whose members were drawn to the forest of Fontainebleau and its surroundings. Up the road was the village of Chailly-en-Bière, where people from the region traveled to be baptized, attend school, shop for food, and mail a letter.

The bold technique of this pastel displays Millet’s remarkable originality, later admired by the Impressionists; the rigorous spatial structure reveals his firm academic training. Luminous touches of bright green, yellow, and pink create the effect of reflected light while a complex variety of strokes mimic the textures of the landscape—grass, dirt, shrubs, hay, bark, and mist.

Text: Minneapolis Institute of Art (Mia), CC BY 4.0.